Pregnancy brings about numerous changes to a woman’s body, and among these changes can be the development of an umbilical hernia. While it’s relatively rare—affecting only about 2-10% of pregnant women—an umbilical hernia can cause discomfort and concern. However, with proper management and care, most women can safely navigate this condition without complications. Here’s a detailed guide to understanding, managing, and treating an umbilical hernia during pregnancy.
What Is An Umbilical Hernia?
An umbilical hernia occurs when part of the intestine or abdominal lining protrudes through the weakened abdominal wall around the belly button. This bulge can be more visible when standing, coughing, or straining, such as when lifting something heavy.
For many women, this hernia is harmless and causes little discomfort. However, for some, it can be painful or grow larger, requiring medical attention.
Causes Of Umbilical Hernia In Pregnancy
The development of an umbilical hernia during pregnancy can be attributed to several factors:
- Increased abdominal pressure: As the uterus expands to accommodate a growing fetus, it exerts more pressure on the abdominal wall. This can weaken the area around the belly button, leading to a hernia.
- Genetics: Women who have a family history of hernias may be more prone to developing one during pregnancy.
- Weight gain: Rapid or excessive weight gain can put additional strain on the abdominal muscles, making them susceptible to weakening and herniation.
- Multiple pregnancies: Women who have had multiple pregnancies may find their abdominal muscles stretched more frequently, increasing the risk of an umbilical hernia.
Symptoms Of An Umbilical Hernia
An umbilical hernia during pregnancy often presents itself as:
- A visible bulge or swelling around the belly button that appears when standing or when the abdomen is under strain (e.g., coughing, laughing, or lifting).
- Discomfort or pain—this can range from mild and intermittent to more severe and constant, especially when performing activities that put strain on the abdomen.
- Pain in the lying position—it may worsen when lying down or when trying to stand up from a seated position.
These symptoms can vary widely among women, and the hernia may or may not cause significant pain. It’s essential to monitor the hernia for any changes in size, color, or the development of new symptoms.
Is An Umbilical Hernia Harmful To You Or Your Baby?
The majority of umbilical hernias in pregnancy are harmless and do not affect fetal development. The hernia itself doesn’t typically pose a risk to your baby’s health. However, it can cause discomfort and sometimes be painful, especially as the pregnancy progresses and the abdominal muscles stretch further. In rare cases, if the hernia becomes trapped or strangulated—where the blood supply to the protruding intestine is cut off—it can become a medical emergency. This is more likely if the hernia is large or if it causes severe pain or changes in bowel habits. Immediate medical attention is required if these symptoms occur.
Treatment Of An Umbilical Hernia In Pregnancy
Treatment for an umbilical hernia during pregnancy usually depends on the severity of symptoms and the hernia’s size:
- Monitoring: In many cases, especially if the hernia is small and does not cause significant pain, it may be monitored rather than treated directly. Your healthcare provider will likely perform regular check-ups to assess the hernia and your baby’s development.
- Use of a supportive abdominal band: Some women find relief from wearing a maternity belt or abdominal support band. This device can help reduce strain on the hernia, alleviate pain, and prevent it from growing larger. It’s crucial to consult your doctor before using one, as the band should not be too tight, which could restrict movement or cause discomfort.
- Rest: Taking breaks throughout the day and avoiding heavy lifting or activities that strain the abdominal muscles can help manage symptoms.
- Physical therapy: A physical therapist trained in prenatal care can provide exercises to strengthen the core muscles and reduce discomfort caused by the hernia.
- Surgery: In cases where the hernia is large, causing significant pain, or is at risk of strangulation, surgery may be necessary. This is usually scheduled after the pregnancy to avoid risks associated with anesthesia and to minimize strain on the abdominal area. However, not all women require surgery; many manage well with lifestyle adjustments.
Recovery Tips
If you have an umbilical hernia during pregnancy, there are several steps you can take to manage symptoms and promote recovery:
- Rest as much as possible to avoid straining your abdomen.
- Wear a maternity belt: This can help support your abdominal muscles and reduce pressure on the hernia.
- Avoid heavy lifting and straining, especially when moving or exercising.
- Stay active with gentle exercises like walking or prenatal yoga to maintain strength and reduce discomfort.
- Follow a balanced diet to manage weight gain and minimize strain on your abdomen.
If you notice any changes in the size, color, or pain of your hernia, consult with your healthcare provider immediately. While most umbilical hernias are harmless during pregnancy, keeping a close eye on them and following your healthcare provider’s advice is essential for a healthy pregnancy.
